Shock-absorber for vehicles.



M. DERIHON.

SHOCK ABSORBBR FOR VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. s, 1912.

Patented July 22, 1913.

1; ,l wml 1 umu ,i l i apposition inea august To all wilwm t may eoncern."

lie it known that il, lli/lantern l'leinnon., sohjeet of the lling; ot ltlelgiuni, resitling at lionein-lez-lliiege, lila-)loiinn,l have .inventati eertainy new anti useful improvements jin lihoelmliisorhers tor Vehicles, olE which 'the following is av specitieationo 'll'lie present. invention has tor its object 'to provide an iinproi'eel shoelt alosorlier tor motor-ears anni other-suspended vehicles, so as to allow the siispension springs to he t'r-eely compressed yor tieleeteola lont retard the return inoifeinent n'liieli lollows this compression. or tletleetion oit the sprine'. "lfliis retartlinp;l elteet isfaeeortling: to the present invention, ol" a constant i/alne in liotii directionsa whatever may he the ainplitutles oit. Vibration of the suspension springs. .This resul-t is ohtainetl hy .means ol a (levies whiehis arranged; so as to hare noetteet on the resilient tleileetien oit the spring', is to say, on the relative iism plaoeinents nhieh talte place het/Ween the spi-ingr ancl the vehicle traine in hotli direc.- tions away `it'roin the neutral position, but, to restrain the rapidity oit the return nieve niente toward the relative neutral position ot the tranieaintl spring,r with a constant resist-ance., thatv is tosay, Whatever inay be the vposition ot' thepiston ot the eleifice.

Vlllie aecoifnpanyingg;y drawings represent a sho-oit absorber constructed according to this principle.

Figure l shows the shook absorber applied to a vehicle. Fig. 2 representa upon an enlarge scale, a vertical section through Anti, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section through Bull, Fien 2. liig. .l is transverse horizontal section through UWC., ligr. 3. A

rlhe apparatus consists of a cylinder o, fixed to the vehicle, anti filled with oil, antl in `which oseille-tes, about the axle t), a shatt e, rearrying` the blades Z and e anti operated by a. crank jf, whose extremity is' attaohecl to the axle thro-ugh the niecliuin of al halljointefl eonneetiupr Poil. Each ot the lolatles d antl e carries a valve i' which may loe opened from the top toward the bottoni. lllhe inovenients of the axle with respect to the traine cause the lever f to oseillate anni tonsiQuent.ly cause an oscillation of the lilailes (VZ and e. ln the cylinder a' and between the hlutles (Z and (j, is a partition 15 whit-h prevents the oil eontainetl in the Yelianiher .r from passing into the Chamber 1,

@pentito-ation ont' letter" lso-tentent only 22% iota. its. talenti..

saine. the cylinder a is horetlso that the loner ilialt ot the eineuniterenee 'is ot an internal radius greater than the upper hail oil" eireuinterenee, the lilauie (Z constitutes a` piston in the cylinder o., While the hiatle e is einenpleteljyv ont oit engagement with the walls ot the ei/iiniler., @the result is that the lilatle e is tree to more iii the oil, nfliile the inoifeinent the hlotle al opens the Valve, @a which tiuis allows the oil to pass from the ln top to the nnilersiile the oaitl hlaileu this manner the spring is ifreely (lett e anni the ei'anlt is moreel nanfaril. ln return ingi that is to say, when 'tli i arts are moved haelt lay the into normal posi- `tion as' a-liore. iloseriloeth the crank i: inoves tlouinriiartl, anti the lolatles o7 ainl e return to their iiorinontul position. Dorine" this nioienient, the iilatle e is again inoveil tieely in the oil eliainlien While the lilacle al, which acts as a piston., compresses the oil contained in the eonipnrtnient ai, as the valve 'i is closed, antl the partition i prevents the oil trein passing into the compartment y. ln metierV to permit oi? this passage ot' the oil trom one eliamher to the. other unilei' the tlesireil conditions a passage or opening is torinetl in the hula and the axle whieh establishes the ilesireil communication, 'anti Whose sise can he regulated liv means ot a sei-ew Z. 4 lily' reducing the size ot the openintr, a tqreatei res .tance is oiiiexeil to the passage oit the oil :trein the compartment a.- into the eoinliaitinent y, which eonseqlieiitl)r retartls the return oit the spring'.

rllie ahovestleserilied itunetion, whieh tal-:es place on the eoiilpression or (lou'nwaril (le- Itleetion oi the ends of the spring:l tn'hifh is tree to more in the one direction hut re tartlefl on the return), also takes platre` uuiler the saine oontlitions, when the spline' i; ilelleeteil in the opposite tlireetion with respeelt to its neutral position. lfhen this liappenil the crank f is louei'eil, anni the Si ti blades (Z and eftake the position d2 and c2, so Ithattheblade d performs the function of the blade\c, and, inversely, the function of the blade e is that of the said blade d in the preceding case. The oil then passes fromv tion in which vit is adjusted by means of a toothed clutch comprising a lug m1 that pro- ]ects inwardly from a wall of the casing and is provided with an interiorly threaded passage through which the screw l extends, and a movable member m which is "adapted to move longitudinally of the screw but rotates therewith. The movable member of the .clutch is constantly forced toward engaging position by a coil spring Z1 arranged about the screwbetween said clutch and a head Z2. A plug a allows of the introduction of the oil and gives-access to the screw Z. It follows that the clamping or cushioning. effect is the same for large or small oscillations, whatever may be the position of the blades, and that the said cushioning effect only depends upon the opening or orifice of the passage c. y

- Having fully -described my'- invention,

what I desire to claim and secure byrLetters Patent'isr- Y l. shock absorber for vehicles comprising, 1n combination with the vehiclesprings, a cylinder adapted to contain oil, a fixed partition in the cylinder having a transverse passage between its sides, .a piston in the cylinder, adapted to be' connected with the axle of the vehicle, and valves carried by the piston, and so related thereto that the iston is adapted to move freely in the cyllnder in both directions soV as to allow of the' resilient deflection, and contraction and expanslon ofthe spring in both directions away from its normal position, but is opposed by a constant resistance during return movements in both directions toward the said normal position.

2. A shock absorber for vehicles comprising, in combination with the vehicle springs,

acylinder containing oil, a fixed partition therein having a passage between its opposite sides,'two blades movable in the cylinder relativel to the xed partition, and valves carrie by the blades, one or lother of said valves opening according to the direction of movement 'of the blades from the normalposit-ion, and the part of the cylinder comprised between the two blades and the fixed partition being of a greater diameter than that of the circle described by the ends of the blades, so that the one blade 1n .means forpermitting oil to flow from one .theother blade moves within the part of the cylinder'which is of the same radius as the blades and actsasa piston.A

i v3.,."Ihe combination with a vehicle spring and frame, of a' shock absorber comprising a casing secured to the vehicle frame and adapted'to contain oil, a piston rotatably mounted in the casing and provided with two radially projecting blades each having a valved passage formed therethrough, means connecting the piston and vehicle spring, a` relatively fixed partition secured the casing between the piston blades, and

of the spaces formed between said partition -and the piston blades to the other, the valves in the piston being arranged to close corresponding ends of the passages through the blades, whereby the spring is adapted to contract or expand freely from its normal position and will be opposed by a const-ant resistance when' returning to such lnormal position in either direction.

4. The combination with `a vehicle spring and frame, of a shock absorber comprising a casing adapted to contain oil, an apertured piston rotatably mounted inthe casing, one of said elements being adapted to be connected with the vehicle frame and the other 'with the spring, said parts being relatively movable, and valves compelling the passage of oil through the apertures in the piston in such manner that the spring is adapted to contract or expand freely from its normal position and will be uniformly checked in returning to normal position in eitherdirection.

5. The combination with a vehicle spring and frame, of a shock absorber comprising a casing secured to the vehicle frame and adapted to contain oil, a piston rotatably mounted in the casing and' provided with two diametrically opposite radially projecting blades each having a passage i therethrough, a relatively stationary partition g arranged in the casing, valves in the piston blades adapted to prevent oil from flowing through either passage when the blade inv witnesses.

MARTIN DERIHON.

lVitnesses y A. P. CRUGER,

J. BoU'rAY.

iis 

